Immersion Cooling Fluids for Data Centers: Dielectric, Efficient, And Future-Ready

1. What Is Immersion Cooling Fluid?

Immersion cooling fluid is a specialized non-conductive liquid designed to directly cool electronic components 

such as CPUs, GPUs, and power modules.
Unlike air cooling or indirect liquid loops, the entire server is submerged in a dielectric coolant, allowing heat 

to dissipate instantly through direct liquid contact.

This approach eliminates the need for traditional fans and complex airflow management, leading to quieter,

more compact, and energy-efficient data centers.

2. Dielectric Principle: Safe Cooling Without Conductivity

The key property of immersion cooling fluids is their dielectric strength — meaning they do not conduct electricity.
This allows components to operate safely while immersed in liquid.
Common fluid types include:

• Synthetic hydrocarbons (PAO-based or isoparaffinic fluids)

• Fluorinated fluids and engineered esters

Each offers different balances of viscosity, boiling point, and thermal conductivity, making them suitable for 

single-phase or two-phase immersion cooling systems.

3. Heat Exchange Pathways: How the Cooling Works

When heat is generated by processors or chips, it is transferred directly into the surrounding fluid.
The liquid absorbs the heat and carries it to a heat exchanger, where it is released into secondary systems 

such as water loops or external chillers.
This shorter heat transfer path drastically improves efficiency — often achieving up to 40% power savings

compared to conventional air-cooled setups.

4. Fluid Types for Data Center Immersion Cooling

Selecting the right fluid depends on thermal load, operating temperature, and material compatibility 

within the data center infrastructure.

5. Environmental & Economic Benefits

Immersion cooling technology significantly reduces energy consumption, noise, and carbon footprint.
By removing air conditioning and fan requirements, operators achieve up to 40% power usage effectiveness 

(PUE) improvement, while extending hardware life due to stable thermal conditions.

These fluids are also non-toxic, odorless, and recyclable, aligning with ESG and sustainable operation goals.

6. Future Outlook: From AI Clusters to Edge Computing

As AI servers and high-density computing nodes demand higher performance, full immersion cooling is 

becoming the standard for next-generation data centers.

Manufacturers like ZMPC are developing advanced dielectric cooling fluids tailored for edge, modular, 

and hyperscale facilities — ensuring both performance and sustainability in the data-driven future.

Immersion cooling is no longer experimental — it’s the foundation of modern, sustainable data center infrastructure.

With dielectric fluids offering safety, thermal efficiency, and reduced energy costs, this technology marks the

next evolution in global computing efficiency.